[ { "slug": "medical-council-of-thailand", "name": "Medical Council of Thailand", "country": "thailand", "type": "medical-council", "verificationUrl": "https://tmc.or.th", "description": "Statutory body regulating the practice of medicine in Thailand. Registers all physicians, issues and renews medical licences, sets specialty standards, and handles disciplinary complaints. Patients and international referrers can look up a doctor's current licence status through the Council's public register.", "scope": "Licensure of all physicians in Thailand; specialty board examination and certification; ethical standards; investigation of professional misconduct. Does not license individual clinics — facility licensing is administered by the Ministry of Public Health.", "complaintPathway": "https://complaint.tmc.or.th/ — https://complaint.tmc.or.th/", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://tmc.or.th/check_md.php" }, { "slug": "thai-dental-council", "name": "Thai Dental Council", "country": "thailand", "type": "dental-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.dentalcouncil.or.th", "description": "Regulatory authority for dentists in Thailand. Registers dental practitioners, oversees dental education standards, and maintains the public licence register used to verify any dentist's credentials." }, { "slug": "royal-thai-college-of-obstetricians-gynaecologists", "name": "Royal Thai College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists", "country": "thailand", "type": "college", "verificationUrl": "https://www.rtcog.or.th", "description": "Professional college certifying OB-GYN specialists in Thailand, including fertility and reproductive medicine sub-specialists. Sets training standards and maintains a fellowship directory that complements Medical Council licensure for IVF and reproductive surgery.", "complaintPathway": "https://www.rtcog.or.th/complaints# — https://www.rtcog.or.th/complaints" }, { "slug": "turkish-ministry-of-health", "name": "Turkish Ministry of Health", "country": "turkey", "type": "ministry", "verificationUrl": "https://shgm.saglik.gov.tr", "description": "Central government ministry regulating all healthcare facilities and practitioners in Turkey. Operates a national practitioner verification portal (Sağlık Bakanlığı) where licence status can be confirmed by name or identity number. Issues and revokes clinic operating licences.", "scope": "Central regulatory authority for all healthcare facilities and practitioners in Turkey. Operates USHAS (Health Tourism Authorisation) licensing for clinics marketing to international patients. Sets minimum facility standards, professional licensing requirements, and pharmaceutical regulation.", "complaintPathway": "Free patient communication via SABİM (Saglik Bakanligi Iletisim Merkezi) by telephone, online portal, or in person at a Provincial Health Directorate office. SABİM forwards complaints to the licensing authority for investigation and reports back to the complainant.", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://shgm.saglik.gov.tr" }, { "slug": "turkish-medical-association", "name": "Turkish Medical Association", "country": "turkey", "type": "medical-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.ttb.org.tr", "description": "National professional chamber of physicians (Türk Tabipleri Birliği, TTB). Registration with TTB is mandatory for practising doctors in Turkey. The association also handles ethics oversight and publishes position statements on medical practice." }, { "slug": "turkish-dental-association", "name": "Turkish Dental Association", "country": "turkey", "type": "dental-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.tdb.org.tr", "description": "National professional body for dentists in Turkey (Türk Dişhekimleri Birliği, TDB). All practising dentists must be registered members. TDB publishes practice guidelines and maintains records of dental clinic operations." }, { "slug": "cofepris", "name": "COFEPRIS (Federal Commission for the Protection against Sanitary Risks)", "country": "mexico", "type": "regulator", "verificationUrl": "https://www.gob.mx/cofepris", "description": "Federal Mexican health regulator under the Secretariat of Health. Licenses hospitals, surgical centres, pharmacies, and medical devices; enforces sanitary standards; and publishes safety alerts. COFEPRIS authorisation is the primary credential for clinics performing invasive procedures in Mexico.", "scope": "Federal Mexican health regulator under the Secretariat of Health. Licenses hospitals, surgical centres, pharmacies, and medical devices; enforces sanitary standards; publishes safety alerts. Authorises clinical facilities to operate but does not license individual practitioners (that is the Secretaría de Educación Pública's cédula profesional).", "complaintPathway": "https://www.gob.mx/cofepris/acciones-y-programas/denuncia-sanitaria-404568 — https://www.gob.mx/cofepris/acciones-y-programas/denuncia-sanitaria-404568", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://www.cedulaprofesional.sep.gob.mx" }, { "slug": "conamed", "name": "CONAMED (National Medical Arbitration Commission)", "country": "mexico", "type": "arbitration", "verificationUrl": "https://www.gob.mx/conamed", "description": "Federal body handling medical malpractice complaints and mediating disputes between patients and healthcare providers in Mexico. Issues non-binding opinions and maintains public records of arbitration outcomes. A key redress channel for international patients.", "complaintPathway": "https://www.gob.mx/conamed/complaints — https://www.gob.mx/conamed/complaints" }, { "slug": "hungarian-medical-chamber", "name": "Hungarian Medical Chamber (MOK)", "country": "hungary", "type": "medical-council", "verificationUrl": "https://mok.hu", "description": "Mandatory professional chamber for all physicians practising in Hungary (Magyar Orvosi Kamara). Maintains the public licence register, handles disciplinary cases, and confirms EU professional-qualification recognition for doctors moving to Hungary.", "scope": "Professional discipline of all physicians in Hungary. Registration is mandatory to practise. Operates regional ethics committees that handle conduct complaints, sets continuing-education requirements, and represents the profession before national and EU regulators.", "complaintPathway": "https://mok.hu/complaints# — https://mok.hu/complaints", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://mok.hu/orvoskereso" }, { "slug": "hungarian-dental-association", "name": "Hungarian Dental Association", "country": "hungary", "type": "dental-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.fogorvosiegyesulet.hu", "description": "Professional association for dentists in Hungary (Magyar Fogorvosok Egyesülete). Publishes clinical guidelines and supports continuing education; dentist registration in Hungary is administered through the Medical Chamber but specialty credentials are recognised via the association." }, { "slug": "nnk", "name": "National Public Health Center (NNK)", "country": "hungary", "type": "regulator", "verificationUrl": "https://www.nnk.gov.hu", "description": "Hungarian national public-health authority (Nemzeti Népegészségügyi Központ). Licenses healthcare facilities, enforces hygiene and infection-control standards, and publishes inspection findings. Operates under the Ministry of Human Capacities." }, { "slug": "national-medical-commission-india", "name": "National Medical Commission (India)", "country": "india", "type": "medical-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.nmc.org.in", "description": "Successor to the Medical Council of India (replaced MCI in 2020 under the NMC Act). Regulates medical education, maintains the national practitioner register, and oversees state medical councils. Licence verification is available via the central NMC register.", "scope": "Statutory regulator of medical education and practice in India since 2020 (replacing the Medical Council of India). Sets curriculum standards, conducts the NEXT examination, maintains the national medical register, and handles professional misconduct. State medical councils handle most local disciplinary matters under NMC's overall framework.", "complaintPathway": "https://www.nmc.org.in/complaints — https://www.nmc.org.in/complaints", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://www.nmc.org.in/information-desk/indian-medical-register" }, { "slug": "dental-council-of-india", "name": "Dental Council of India", "country": "india", "type": "dental-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.dciindia.gov.in", "description": "Statutory body under the Dentists Act 1948 regulating the practice of dentistry in India. Maintains the Indian Dentists Register, approves dental colleges, and sets minimum standards for dental education." }, { "slug": "icmr", "name": "Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)", "country": "india", "type": "research", "verificationUrl": "https://www.icmr.gov.in", "description": "India's apex biomedical research body under the Department of Health Research. Issues the ICMR National Guidelines for Accreditation, Supervision and Regulation of ART Clinics (IVF), publishes ethical guidelines for human research, and accredits assisted-reproduction facilities.", "complaintPathway": "https://www.icmr.gov.in/complaints#main-content — https://www.icmr.gov.in/complaints" }, { "slug": "korean-medical-association", "name": "Korean Medical Association", "country": "south-korea", "type": "medical-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.kma.org", "description": "Primary professional body for physicians in South Korea, representing doctors to government and managing continuing medical education. Membership is near-universal; the KMA publishes a directory that complements the Ministry of Health & Welfare practitioner register.", "scope": "Professional body representing Korean physicians; mandatory affiliation for practising doctors. Statutory regulation sits with the Ministry of Health and Welfare; the Korea Medical Dispute Mediation and Arbitration Agency (KMDMAA, branded K-MEDI) handles patient-clinician disputes free of charge.", "complaintPathway": "K-MEDI offers free structured mediation; if both parties consent, the matter proceeds to binding arbitration. Civil litigation under the Korean Civil Code is available with a three-year limitation from knowledge of harm.", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://www.mohw.go.kr/eng/index.jsp" }, { "slug": "korean-ministry-of-health-welfare", "name": "Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare", "country": "south-korea", "type": "ministry", "verificationUrl": "https://www.mohw.go.kr", "description": "Central Korean government ministry regulating healthcare facilities, insurance, pharmaceuticals, and public health. Issues medical licences and operates licence verification through the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA). Also oversees the international patient facility registration required for clinics treating medical tourists." }, { "slug": "malaysian-medical-council", "name": "Malaysian Medical Council", "country": "malaysia", "type": "medical-council", "verificationUrl": "https://mmc.gov.my", "description": "Statutory body regulating the practice of medicine in Malaysia under the Medical Act 1971. Maintains the public Medical Register (practitioners) and the National Specialist Register (recognised specialty qualifications). Both registers are searchable online.", "scope": "Statutory regulator under the Medical Act 1971. Maintains the Medical Register, sets fitness-to-practise standards, handles professional misconduct, and approves medical qualifications. Facility licensing (Private Healthcare Facilities and Services Act 1998) is administered separately by state Health Departments.", "complaintPathway": "https://mmc.gov.my/fitness-to-practice-ftp/ — https://mmc.gov.my/fitness-to-practice-ftp/", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://mdc.moh.gov.my" }, { "slug": "malaysian-dental-council", "name": "Malaysian Dental Council", "country": "malaysia", "type": "dental-council", "verificationUrl": "https://mdc.moh.gov.my", "description": "Malaysian statutory body regulating dentistry under the Dental Act 1971. Registers all practising dentists, accredits dental schools, and enforces professional conduct standards. Operates as a unit under the Ministry of Health." }, { "slug": "colegio-de-medicos-costa-rica", "name": "Colegio de Medicos y Cirujanos de Costa Rica", "country": "costa-rica", "type": "medical-council", "verificationUrl": "https://medicos.cr", "description": "Mandatory professional chamber for doctors and surgeons in Costa Rica. Registration is required to practise; the Colegio maintains a public member register, accredits specialty training, and handles ethical and disciplinary complaints.", "scope": "Statutory College of Physicians and Surgeons of Costa Rica. Licenses individual physicians; sets continuing-education requirements; operates a disciplinary tribunal. The Ministry of Health licenses clinical facilities separately.", "complaintPathway": "https://medicos.cr/web2/quejas-y-sugerencias/ — https://medicos.cr/web2/quejas-y-sugerencias/", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://www.medicos.cr" }, { "slug": "colegio-cirujanos-dentistas-costa-rica", "name": "Colegio de Cirujanos Dentistas de Costa Rica", "country": "costa-rica", "type": "dental-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.colegiodentistas.org", "description": "Professional chamber for dentists in Costa Rica. All practising dentists must be members; the Colegio administers professional registration, continuing education, and complaints — a key reference for verifying any dentist marketing to international patients.", "complaintPathway": "https://www.colegiodentistas.org/nosotros/departamentos/fiscalia/denuncias/ — https://www.colegiodentistas.org/nosotros/departamentos/fiscalia/denuncias/" }, { "slug": "spanish-ministry-of-health", "name": "Ministry of Health (Spain)", "country": "spain", "type": "ministry", "verificationUrl": "https://www.sanidad.gob.es", "description": "Central Spanish health ministry (Ministerio de Sanidad). Coordinates the national healthcare system, regulates pharmaceuticals and medical devices via AEMPS, and oversees the regional colleges that register individual practitioners. Publishes national quality and safety strategies.", "scope": "National umbrella body of the provincial colleges of physicians (Colegios Oficiales de Médicos) in Spain. Sets ethical standards and represents the profession nationally; day-to-day registration and discipline is handled by the provincial Colegio with jurisdiction in the practitioner's province.", "complaintPathway": "Written complaints to the relevant provincial Colegio. The Colegio's ethics committee investigates and can recommend professional sanctions. Each autonomous community additionally operates a Defensor del Pueblo ombudsman service for healthcare complaints.", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://www.sanidad.gob.es" }, { "slug": "spanish-dental-council", "name": "General Council of Dentists of Spain", "country": "spain", "type": "dental-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.consejodentistas.es", "description": "National coordinating body for Spain's regional dental colleges (Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Odontólogos y Estomatólogos). All dentists practising in Spain must be members of their regional college; the national council sets ethics rules and publishes the aggregate member directory." }, { "slug": "sef-spain", "name": "Spanish Fertility Society (SEF)", "country": "spain", "type": "society", "verificationUrl": "https://www.registrosef.com", "description": "Sociedad Española de Fertilidad. Maintains the national ART (Assisted Reproductive Technology) registry — mandatory reporting by all Spanish IVF clinics covering cycles, outcomes, and complications. The published register is an important verification source for clinic success-rate claims." }, { "slug": "polish-supreme-medical-chamber", "name": "Supreme Medical Chamber (Naczelna Izba Lekarska)", "country": "poland", "type": "medical-council", "verificationUrl": "https://nil.org.pl", "description": "Central Polish professional chamber for physicians and dentists (Naczelna Izba Lekarska, NIL). Mandatory for all practising doctors and dentists; maintains the central practitioner register (Centralny Rejestr Lekarzy) that is searchable by name and licence number.", "scope": "Supreme Medical Chamber of Poland (Naczelna Izba Lekarska, NIL). Mandatory registration for practising physicians; regional chambers operate disciplinary courts with sanctions ranging from reprimand to removal from the register. Polish Medical Council registration is required for legal practice.", "complaintPathway": "Complaints to the relevant regional medical chamber's disciplinary prosecutor (Rzecznik Odpowiedzialności Zawodowej). The Patient Rights Ombudsman (Rzecznik Praw Pacjenta) offers a free, separate complaint route for healthcare-rights matters.", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://nil.org.pl" }, { "slug": "singapore-medical-council", "name": "Singapore Medical Council", "country": "singapore", "type": "medical-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.healthprofessionals.gov.sg", "description": "Statutory body that registers all doctors in Singapore and maintains the Register of Medical Practitioners under the Medical Registration Act.", "scope": "Licensure of physicians in Singapore; specialty accreditation; disciplinary proceedings.", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://prs.moh.gov.sg/prs/internet/profSearch/mainMenuSearch.action", "complaintPathway": "https://hpp.moh.gov.sg/complaints/#main-content — https://hpp.moh.gov.sg/complaints/" }, { "slug": "singapore-dental-council", "name": "Singapore Dental Council", "country": "singapore", "type": "dental-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.healthprofessionals.gov.sg", "description": "Statutory body that registers all dentists in Singapore and oversees standards of practice under the Dental Registration Act.", "scope": "Licensure of dentists and dental specialists in Singapore; disciplinary proceedings.", "complaintPathway": "https://hpp.moh.gov.sg/complaints/#main-content — https://hpp.moh.gov.sg/complaints/" }, { "slug": "singapore-moh", "name": "Ministry of Health Singapore", "country": "singapore", "type": "ministry", "verificationUrl": "https://www.moh.gov.sg", "description": "Government ministry responsible for health policy, hospital licensing under the Healthcare Services Act, and patient-safety regulation in Singapore.", "scope": "Healthcare facility licensing; clinical service standards." }, { "slug": "bundesaerztekammer", "name": "Bundesärztekammer", "country": "germany", "type": "medical-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.bundesaerztekammer.de", "description": "Federal umbrella body of the 17 German state medical chambers (Landesärztekammern). Licensure and disciplinary jurisdiction sits with the state chambers.", "scope": "Federal coordination of physician licensing; specialist training standards (Weiterbildungsordnung)." }, { "slug": "bundeszahnaerztekammer", "name": "Bundeszahnärztekammer", "country": "germany", "type": "dental-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.bzaek.de", "description": "Federal umbrella body for German state dental chambers (Landeszahnärztekammern). State-level chambers hold the register and the disciplinary power.", "scope": "Federal coordination of dental licensing; specialist training standards." }, { "slug": "germany-bfarm", "name": "Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte (BfArM)", "country": "germany", "type": "regulator", "verificationUrl": "https://www.bfarm.de", "description": "German federal institute for drugs and medical devices. Authorises medicinal products, supervises clinical trials, and manages medical-device vigilance.", "scope": "Drug authorisation; medical-device vigilance; clinical trial oversight." }, { "slug": "czech-medical-chamber", "name": "Česká lékařská komora", "country": "czech-republic", "type": "medical-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.lkcr.cz", "description": "Czech Medical Chamber — statutory professional body for physicians. Membership is mandatory for practice; the chamber maintains the public register.", "scope": "Licensure and discipline of physicians in the Czech Republic." }, { "slug": "czech-dental-chamber", "name": "Česká stomatologická komora", "country": "czech-republic", "type": "dental-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.dent.cz", "description": "Czech Dental Chamber — statutory professional body for dentists. Maintains the public register and enforces the code of ethics.", "scope": "Licensure and discipline of dentists in the Czech Republic; specialty competence." }, { "slug": "uae-mohap", "name": "Ministry of Health and Prevention (UAE)", "country": "uae", "type": "ministry", "verificationUrl": "https://www.mohap.gov.ae", "description": "Federal UAE ministry responsible for health policy and the federal licensure of professionals in emirates outside Dubai and Abu Dhabi.", "scope": "Federal licensure of medical professionals; healthcare facility regulation." }, { "slug": "uae-dha", "name": "Dubai Health Authority", "country": "uae", "type": "regulator", "verificationUrl": "https://www.dha.gov.ae", "description": "Emirate-level health regulator covering Dubai. Licenses doctors, dentists, and healthcare facilities operating in the emirate.", "scope": "Healthcare professional and facility licensing in Dubai.", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://services.dha.gov.ae/sheryan/" }, { "slug": "uae-doh-abu-dhabi", "name": "Department of Health — Abu Dhabi", "country": "uae", "type": "regulator", "verificationUrl": "https://www.doh.gov.ae", "description": "Emirate-level health regulator covering Abu Dhabi. Operates the Tamm and Sheryan systems for professional licensing.", "scope": "Healthcare professional and facility licensing in Abu Dhabi." }, { "slug": "cfm-brazil", "name": "Conselho Federal de Medicina", "country": "brazil", "type": "medical-council", "verificationUrl": "https://portal.cfm.org.br", "description": "Federal Council of Medicine — registers physicians in Brazil through 27 state councils (CRMs) and operates the central practitioner search.", "scope": "Licensure and discipline of physicians in Brazil.", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://portal.cfm.org.br/busca-medicos/", "complaintPathway": "https://portal.cfm.org.br/inicio/denuncia/ — https://portal.cfm.org.br/inicio/denuncia/" }, { "slug": "cfo-brazil", "name": "Conselho Federal de Odontologia", "country": "brazil", "type": "dental-council", "verificationUrl": "https://website.cfo.org.br", "description": "Federal Council of Dentistry — registers dentists in Brazil through 27 state councils (CROs).", "scope": "Licensure and discipline of dentists in Brazil; specialty certification." }, { "slug": "anvisa-brazil", "name": "Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA)", "country": "brazil", "type": "regulator", "verificationUrl": "https://www.gov.br/anvisa", "description": "Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency. Regulates medicines, medical devices, and healthcare facility sanitary licensing.", "scope": "Drug and device authorisation; facility sanitary licensing.", "complaintPathway": "https://www.gov.br/pt-br/servicos/denunciar-propaganda-irregular — https://www.gov.br/pt-br/servicos/denunciar-propaganda-irregular" }, { "slug": "minsalud-colombia", "name": "Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social (Colombia)", "country": "colombia", "type": "ministry", "verificationUrl": "https://www.minsalud.gov.co", "description": "Colombian Ministry of Health. Sets healthcare policy, accredits training, and operates the registry of healthcare providers (REPS).", "scope": "Healthcare policy; provider registration via REPS; clinical guideline coordination.", "complaintPathway": "https://www.minsalud.gov.co/atencion-y-servicios-a-la-ciudadania/Paginas/peticiones-quejas-reclamos.aspx — https://www.minsalud.gov.co/atencion-y-servicios-a-la-ciudadania/Paginas/peticiones-quejas-reclamos.aspx" }, { "slug": "invima-colombia", "name": "Instituto Nacional de Vigilancia de Medicamentos y Alimentos (INVIMA)", "country": "colombia", "type": "regulator", "verificationUrl": "https://www.invima.gov.co", "description": "Colombian regulator for medicines, food, cosmetics, and medical devices. Operates pharmacovigilance and device-vigilance programmes.", "scope": "Drug, food, cosmetic, and medical-device authorisation.", "complaintPathway": "https://www.invima.gov.co/atencion-al-ciudadano/peticiones-quejas-reclamos-y-sugerencias — https://www.invima.gov.co/atencion-al-ciudadano/peticiones-quejas-reclamos-y-sugerencias" }, { "slug": "vietnam-moh", "name": "Ministry of Health (Vietnam)", "country": "vietnam", "type": "ministry", "verificationUrl": "https://moh.gov.vn", "description": "Vietnamese Ministry of Health. Issues practice certificates for physicians, dentists, and other health professionals, and licenses healthcare facilities.", "scope": "Professional licensure; healthcare facility licensure; clinical guideline issuance." }, { "slug": "gmc-uk", "name": "General Medical Council", "country": "united-kingdom", "type": "medical-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.gmc-uk.org", "description": "Statutory regulator of doctors in the United Kingdom under the Medical Act 1983. Maintains the public List of Registered Medical Practitioners.", "scope": "Licensure of physicians in the UK; specialist register; fitness-to-practise.", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://www.gmc-uk.org/registration-and-licensing/the-medical-register", "complaintPathway": "https://www.gmc-uk.org/professional-standards/patient-guides-and-materials/information-for-patients-who-have-been-subject-to-sexual-misconduct-by-a-doctor — https://www.gmc-uk.org/professional-standards/patient-guides-and-materials/information-for-patients-who-have-been-subject-to-sexual-misconduct-by-a-doctor" }, { "slug": "gdc-uk", "name": "General Dental Council", "country": "united-kingdom", "type": "dental-council", "verificationUrl": "https://www.gdc-uk.org", "description": "Statutory regulator of dentists and dental care professionals in the UK. Maintains the public dental register under the Dentists Act 1984.", "scope": "Licensure of dentists and dental care professionals; fitness-to-practise.", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://olr.gdc-uk.org/searchregister", "complaintPathway": "https://www.gdc-uk.org/raising-concerns/how-to-get-a-refund-or-make-a-complaint — https://www.gdc-uk.org/raising-concerns/how-to-get-a-refund-or-make-a-complaint" }, { "slug": "cqc-uk", "name": "Care Quality Commission", "country": "united-kingdom", "type": "regulator", "verificationUrl": "https://www.cqc.org.uk", "description": "Independent regulator of health and adult social care providers in England. Inspects and rates registered providers; publishes inspection reports.", "scope": "Healthcare provider registration and inspection in England.", "complaintPathway": "https://www.cqc.org.uk/guidance-providers/regulations-enforcement/regulations-service-providers-managers — https://www.cqc.org.uk/guidance-providers/regulations-enforcement/regulations-service-providers-managers" }, { "slug": "mhra-uk", "name": "Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)", "country": "united-kingdom", "type": "regulator", "verificationUrl": "https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/medicines-and-healthcare-products-regulatory-agency", "description": "UK regulator for medicines, medical devices, and blood components. Operates the Yellow Card scheme for adverse-event reporting.", "scope": "Drug and medical-device authorisation and vigilance in the UK.", "complaintPathway": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/advertising-investigations-may-2026 — https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/advertising-investigations-may-2026" }, { "slug": "fsmb-us", "name": "Federation of State Medical Boards", "country": "united-states", "type": "society", "verificationUrl": "https://www.fsmb.org", "description": "Umbrella body of the 70+ US state medical and osteopathic boards. Maintains a central physician data centre; the licensing power itself sits with the state boards.", "scope": "Coordination of state-level medical licensure data; disciplinary-action exchange (DocInfo).", "practitionerLookupUrl": "https://www.docinfo.org" }, { "slug": "ada-us", "name": "American Dental Association", "country": "united-states", "type": "society", "verificationUrl": "https://www.ada.org", "description": "Professional association for US dentists. Dental licensing in the US sits with the state dental boards listed by the ADA's state-board directory.", "scope": "Coordination and advocacy; pointer to state-level dental boards." }, { "slug": "fda-us", "name": "U.S. Food and Drug Administration", "country": "united-states", "type": "regulator", "verificationUrl": "https://www.fda.gov", "description": "US federal regulator for drugs, biologics, medical devices, and food. Operates MedWatch for adverse-event reporting and clears or approves devices used in clinical practice.", "scope": "Drug, biologic, device, and food authorisation; post-market surveillance.", "complaintPathway": "https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/compliance-actions-and-activities/warning-letters — https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/compliance-actions-and-activities/warning-letters" } ]