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5 documented risks. Severity reflects clinical significance, not probability.
Stroke (peri-operative)
severe1.50% (1.00–3.00%)Prevention: Off-pump techniques in selected patients; carotid screening; intra-operative monitoring.
Sources: sts-adult-cardiac-database, aha-cabg-guideline-2021
Sternal wound infection
severe2.00% (1.00–4.00%)Prevention: Antibiotic prophylaxis; tight glycaemic control; bilateral internal mammary artery use cautiously in diabetics.
Sources: aha-cabg-guideline-2021
Atrial fibrillation (post-op)
moderate30.00% (20.00–40.00%)Prevention: Beta-blocker continuation; amiodarone in high-risk patients.
Sources: aha-cabg-guideline-2021
Renal failure
severe5.00%Prevention: Avoidance of nephrotoxins; haemodynamic optimisation.
Sources: aha-cabg-guideline-2021
Graft failure (long-term)
moderate10.00% (5.00–20.00%)Prevention: Use of left internal mammary artery to LAD; aspirin and statin lifelong; smoking cessation.
Sources: aha-cabg-guideline-2021