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SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction) — risks and complications

4 documented risks. Severity reflects clinical significance, not probability.

Persistent dry eye

minor20.00% (10.00–40.00%)

Prevention: Pre-operative tear film assessment; lubricating drops.

Sources: escrs-refractive-guidelines

Diffuse lamellar keratitis

moderate1.00%

Prevention: Sterile technique; topical steroids if early signs.

Sources: escrs-refractive-guidelines

Suction loss during lenticule creation

moderate1.00%

Prevention: Experienced surgeon; appropriate patient cooperation.

Sources: escrs-refractive-guidelines

Under-correction requiring enhancement

minor4.00% (2.00–8.00%)

Prevention: Accurate pre-operative refraction; modern eye-tracking systems.

Sources: escrs-refractive-guidelines